![]() ![]() The only significant difference found using the universal goniometer was for little finger PIP joint flexion however, the difference was only 2.5°. There were no significant differences in measurements using the smartphone goniometer. Results: Twenty patients were recruited (50% male 13 healthy volunteers and seven with hand pathology). Measurements were taken using a universal goniometer and an iPhone® smartphone goniometer application by two independent evaluators using a standardised proforma. Middle and little fingers were assessed at the metacarpophalangeal (MCP), proximal interphalangeal (PIP) and distal interphalangeal (DIP) joints for flexion and extension. ![]() Methods: Patients with various hand disease processes were recruited through a tertiary hospital hand clinic, as well as healthy volunteers. This study sought to assess accuracy in range-of-motion measurements obtained by a smartphone goniometer application compared to a traditional universal goniometer in healthy and diseased hands. The use of a smartphone goniometer application may provide a practical alternative for clinicians. Objective: Goniometer measurements are commonly used in hand clinics to follow progress or as an outcome measure for acute and chronic conditions.
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